OM 2028 Firefighting Operations Assignment - International College for Engineering and Management, Oman

You are required to prepare a Guideline on conducting firefighting operations in case of the Scenario.

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Answer - FIRE SAFETY ENGINEERING

Introduction

According to the government of Oman, every company deals with hazardous materials must have proper arrangements for fire fighting. The term "fire fighting" indicates the arrangement of different needful equipments, which are required for handling the fire accidents within the organization. However, there are several risks associated with the systems of fire fighting and due to that the fire fighting workers need to be more careful at the time of dealing with the fire fighting situations. In this study the fire-fighting safety precautions and planning will be developed by considering the refinery's storage area in Oman Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker.

Description of Risk involved during fire-fighting

Though fire-fighting is important and mandatory for any company dealing with petrochemical in Oman, there are several risks involved in fire fighting, which are stated below:

Physical risk - The people, who are involved in the activities of fire-fighting deal with high health related risks like, heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease and hepatitis B and C. The statistical reports show that there are 45% of the fire-fighting workers suffer from the heart disease due to their job role (Coker et al., 2019).

Mental risk - The job of fire-fighting also causes high stress in the minds of the workers. Due to high stress in the workplace, they develop the habits like, smoking and drinking, which affect their health. At the same time, it is also true that due to high stress the fire-fighting workers suffer from depression, which also affects their mental health (Poplin et al., 2018).

Work-fife imbalance - The people who are involved in the activities of fire-fighting also face the problem of work-life imbalance. There is no specific schedule for the job of these people and due to that they face challenge while managing their personal and professional life together, which is a major risk for the fire-fighting workers (Turner et al., 2018).

Therefore, from the above discussion, it is very clear that fire-fighting is not a very simple task to be performed. The personnel who are involved in the activities of fire-fighting not only face physical risks, but they also face mental and life balance risks. It means the job role of a fire fighter is highly risky and due to that the organizations need to adopt proper safety precautions so that they can deal with the fire accidents in a better way.

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Safety precautions

In the above discussion, it has been identified that the fire-fighting workers face high stress due to their job role. In order to reduce the stress level at their workplaces or in their job role, the fire-fighting workers at Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker may adopt some steps or strategies, which are stated below:

Adjusting the heat burden - While dealing with the fire-fighting situation the workers need to face high heat and moisture, which enhance their stress level at the workplace. Due to this it becomes very important for the workers to adjust the heat by wearing proper safety clothing (Velencoso et al., 2018). The fire -fighting workers at Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker can wear TECGEN71, which is a perfect outfit that helps in losing high amount of heat while dealing with fire hazards. At the same time, this particular outfit also helps the workers in maintaining breathability at the standard level.

Reducing body weight and maintaining durability - This is also an important step that the fire-fighting workers must adopt at the time of dealing with any fire hazards situation. The workers need to wear the protection outfit, which is of low weight, so that they can maintain flexibility while dealing with the hazardous situations. At the same time, the workers also need to wear the outfit that is durable (McCarty and Garbe, 2018). The TECGEN71 is the perfect outfit for the workers in this context.

Maximizing the flexibility - At the time of dealing with fire hazards, the workers need to be flexible enough for taking quick action. The turnout gear of the workers must provide enough flexibility so that they can move quickly (Groot et al., 2019). The workers need to take care of this matter at the time of dealing with the hazardous situations.

The above mentioned strategies can be adopted by the workers at the time of dealing with the fire hazards in order to manage their stress level. However, in this context, it is important to be mentioned that along with the workers the Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker also needs to adopt some strategies for dealing with the situation in a better way. Some of the strategies are stated below:

• The organization needs to check the initial fire safety arrangements at the work site. This is very important for helping the fire-fighting workers at the time of dealing with the fire hazards (Shen et al., 2018).
• The responsible personnel need to recheck whether the arrangements are up-to-date. This is important for ensuring that the fire-fighting workers will get help at the time of handling the fire accidents.
• The organization must implement alert system within the work site, so that the fire-fighting workers get the chance to handle the situation within the required time.

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Description of required Fire Protection & Emergency Planning

In a workplace like, Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker, the higher management of the organization needs to adopt proper fire protection in order to avoid fire hazards at the workplace. The fire protection can be referred as the arrangements that are made by the organizations in order to avoid fire hazards within the workplace. In the context of the business of Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker, the following fire protection measures can be adopted by the higher management in order to deal with the situations in a better way:

• The organization must adopt proper fire water system, so that enough water can be used at the time of any fire hazard (DeWitt, 2018).
• The organization also needs to adopt the foam system, which is also very effective in the context of dealing with the fire hazards. Foam is very useful while handling the big fire hazards within a workplace.
• The organization must have carbon dioxide system within the work site, which also helps in handling the fire hazards in a better way.
• The higher management of the company must arrange the dry chemical extinguishing system for dealing with the fire hazards in a better way.
• There should be fire detection as well as alarm system within the work site, so that the employees get information about the fire hazards within the required time span.

Developing an emergency plan for handling sudden fire hazards is very important for the any petrochemical company. In order to deal with the emergency situation, the company or the higher management in the company must develop proper emergency handling plan for the work site. An emergency plan has been developed below, which can help the employees at Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker in dealing with sudden fire hazards within the work site:

Risk assessment system - In order to deal with the emergency fire situation the management and the employees must assess the risks associated with the fire hazards. This risk assessment can be done with the help of a structured system. The risks are needed to be categorised into three levels - high risk, medium risk and low risk (Park et al., 2019). The risk assessment needs to be done by considering all the members of the company who can be affected by the fire hazards.

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Developing fire maintenance contract - This is also important for emergency fire handling plan. The contract must include the system and equipments which are required to be arranged and maintained by the firm in order to deal with the situation in a better way. This system must include the following:

• Emergency system for lighting
• Emergency exits rout from the work site
• Signs for fire safety and the notices
• Availability of portable electrical appliances
• Fire detection and alarm system (Hyman and Signworks, 2018)

Developing the fire evacuation strategy - In order to deal with the emergency situation, the higher management of the company must adopt different evacuation strategy for dealing with the fire in a better way. The evacuation strategy may include the followings:

• Simultaneous evacuation strategy
• Vertical phased evacuation strategy
• Staff alarm evacuation strategy

Action during the emergency situation - If any emergency fire alert is discovered by any staff of the company at the work site, the person or persons must alert all the people within the work site regarding the fire hazard. This can be done by using the fire alarm system available in the work site. In this context, it must be noticed that no escalator or lifts should be used for escaping from the work site (Lu et al., 2018). At the same time, the higher management of the company must develop the system for calling the fire brigade at the time of emergency situation.

Training to the workers - In order to handle the emergency fire situation the organization must provide better training to the workers, so that they can safeguard themselves during the emergency fire situation. The training must be provide to educate the employees regarding the emergency fire evacuation system. The training must be provided in such a way so that each worker for the firm can understand in which way they can exit from the work site during the fire hazards (McCollum, 2018).

Therefore, considering the above plan, it can be stated that the organization needs to take care of several strategies and needs to provide better training to the employees, so that they can handle the situation in a better way.

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Fire-fighting procedures

Fire-fighting procedure may differ based on the situational demand. There are different ways that can be adopted in order to deal with the following fire situations in the work site:

Fixed Roof Tanks fires - For dealing with the Fixed Roof Tanks fires the fire-fighting workers may use the expansion foam extinguishing system. At the same time, the fire-fighting workers also need to use the water supplying system available at the work site. In order to deal with the Fixed Roof Tanks fires, the organization may adopt the designed HAGO stripper system in order to prevent the blending of gas and oil with the point of lower flash (Saif-ul-Islam et al., 2019). The company must avoid the electrostatic charge which is accumulated in the nylon rope. It means use of nylon rope must be stopped.

Floating Roof Tanks fires - In order to deal with the Floating Roof Tanks fires, the fire-fighting workers must use the low-pressure refrigerated system, which provide cooling streams. In this context, the fire-fighting workers must note that they should not use the water system available at the work site. If the water system is used that may cause higher level of vapour, which may increase the fire instantly. Hence, the fire-fighting workers must be very careful during this situation. The fire-fighting workers must use the cooling streams so that the tankaage can be made adjacent with the task fire. The fire-fighting workers must maintain the distance of 50 ft or 15 metre from the burning tank in order to handle the fire in a better way and this distance needs to maintain at any situation no matter what the wind direction is (McCollum, 2018). In a work site where people or workers work within a very high temperature the fire-fighting workers should not lose or break the flexibility that is inherent after the exposure of enough heat. Along with all these, the fire-fighting workers must wear proper outfit to handle the situation in a better way.

Open top total surface area tank fires - In order to deal with the open top total surface area task fires, the fire fighting workers can use the water stream system available at the work site. The use of water stream system will help the fire fighting workers to reduce the fire spreading within a very short time. Foam spreading system can also be used for this type of situations. At the same time, the fire fighting workers must maintain proper distance in order to deal with the total surface area tank fires in a better way (Hyman and Signworks, 2018). At least 50 ft distance is needed to be maintained by the fire fighting workers at the time of dealing with the open top total surface area tank fires. Along with these, the fire fighting workers must use proper outfits while handling the fire fighting situations.

Dike Area fires - In order to deal with the dike area fires, the fire-fighting workers must use the foam solution system available at the work site. A foam supply pipe needs to be installed from the outer wall of the work site and the foam maker is needed to be attached with the foam supply pipe. In this context, the fire-fighting workers must remember that the pipe that needs to be connected with the outlet of foam maker must be of 3 inch diameter and this should be used as the pipe for discharge the foam. In this type of fire situation, the fire-fighting workers may also use the water system that is available at the work site of the organization (DeWitt, 2018).

Spill Area fires - In order to deal with the spill area fires, the fire fighting workers must use the advance technology to stop the fire spreading all over the work site. In this context, the fire fighting workers may use the foaming system available in the work site. Foaming system will help the fire fighter reducing the vapour at the place. This will help the fire fighting workers dealing with the situation in a better way (Hyman and Signworks, 2018). A specific distance needs to be maintained while handling the spill area fires. It is also important to stop the spill at the outer area of the work site.

Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be stated that in different types of fire situations different strategies or procedures are needed to be adopted by the fire fighting workers. In this context, it is important to be mentioned that the fire fighting workers must understand the usability of different systems like, water stream system and foaming system while handling the fire fighting situations in different scenarios.

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Conclusion

The study has indicated the fact that fire fighting is very critical task to be performed. There are different ways that can be applied while dealing with the fire situations. The study has also developed an emergency plan that can help the Oil Marketing Co. OOMCO Bunker workers dealing with the fire hazards in a better way.

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