Management Research Methods (MRM) Assignment Help

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Your coursework assignment is designed for you to demonstrate your knowledge of management research methods and to prepare you for writing your research proposal to meet the requirements of the dissertation module. You are required to write a report of 3,500 words on a topic of your choice.

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Management Research Methods (MRM)

Introduction

The research method is a systematic procedure in which the data are collected and then analysed to collect different findings related to the research questions for which this procedure has been conducted (Walliman, 2017). In this study, different aspects of the research method of the given topic will be done. The topic chosen for this research study is sustainability issues faced by international businesses in its operation due to different factors, and for discussing this research topic, five journal articles had been chosen. The first journal article is called Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research and under this article, the author tries to explain how sustainability of the business is affected by the different factors in different markets (Kourula et al., 2017). The second journal article is called Greening the Boardroom, and under this article, the author describes different ways adopted by the international businesses to become more environmentally responsible and become more eco-friendly in its operation (Ledgerwood, 2017). The third journal article is called Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability and under this, the author identified different business models by which the international businesses are trying to increase their overall sustainability (Rauter et al., 2017). The fourth journal article is called Sustainability: new strategic thinking for business and under this journal article, the author, explained the different strategies used by the different international business to increase their sustainability (Kopnina, 2017). The fifth journal article is called Business Cases and Corporate Engagement with Sustainability: Differentiating Ethical Motivations and under this journal article, the ethical factors motivating different businesses to conduct their CSR activities had been explained by the author (Schaltegger and Burritt, 2018).

Description of the relevant literature using appropriate mapping methods 

In this section, the description of each journal article chosen will be given, and the Venn diagram will be used to show the visual representation of the journal article description.

The first journal article that will be discussed is Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research and this research study is about the different decision taken by the international business management to act upon the different economic, social and environmental situation. In this journal article, the sustainability is viewed as corporate interest which the business has to proactively act upon the different situations in the market to fulfil its different responsibilities including environmental responsibilities. The role of the international management research is to promote inclusive development which means development is fulfilling all different types of responsibilities of the business.

The second journal article is called Greening the Boardroom, and it discusses different ways, the international businesses are trying to become more environmentally friendly in its operation. In this journal, it is said that the corporation has to become more environmentally responsible to maintain a good public relation and also to ensure the customer trust their business. In this article it is stated that without the trust of the customer, the business cannot survive in the long run and this is the reason, the corporate governance becomes so important for the business especially big international businesses that had to rely largely upon its goodwill in the market to enter into a new market. In the current business world, it is found that the businesses are using their environmentally responsible activities as a business strategy which will help the business increase its operation and sales.

The third journal article is called Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability and in this article, it is stated that the business is examining their business model regularly to see whether it is still relevant with the current business environment. It is also stated in this article, if the current business model is found lacking by the management, then business start to redefine its organisational culture and strategies as are found to be a significant driver of the sustainability of the business. It is also found in this article that the business model should be flexible enough to change with the change in the dynamic of the business and these changes can involve the internal or external environment of the business or both. Therefore, the driver of the business which is identified as the organisational culture and the business strategies had to be adopted constantly and aligned with the business model to increase its sustainability in the market.

The fourth journal article that will be discussed in this section is called Sustainability: new strategic thinking for business and under this journal article, sustainability is defined as the process of continuous improvement and not only the business doing the right thing in a situation. The author had stated without a proper strategy to ensure that the business can overcome the barriers and challenges, the sustainability of the business, in the long run, is difficult. The example of the best practices of sustainability in the market had been given, but the drawbacks of not implementing them properly had also been explained. This article has recommended different strategic steps should be taken by the business regularly to ensure that that the business growth is not harmed in the long run.

The fifth journal article that will be discussed in this section is called Business Cases and Corporate Engagement with Sustainability: Differentiating Ethical Motivations and under this journal article, the relationship between the different ethical responsibilities and the different Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) had been stated. This journal article has been an example of many business cases to ensure that show how different ethical responsibilities of different business cases. The first two ethical motivations that have been discussed in this article are a reactionary concern of the business which is done for the short term financial performance of the business. It is related to ethical responsibilities to protect the image or reputation of the business. The third ethical responsibilities related to the responsibility of the business and under which the business aligned the social and environmental concerns of the business with the business performance management. The fourth is the collaborative type of ethical responsibility and under which the business form a communication system with all citizens who are affected by the different activities of the business.

Literature analysis

Literature analysis is the examination, analysis and interpretation of the literature study. It can also be stated as an opinion-based examination of the literature study (Sacha et al., 2017). In this section, the literature analysis will be conducted upon the five identified journal articles, and the research question, theories used in the study and the method used to solve the research question will be identified in this literature analysis.

The research question of the first journal article called "Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research" is what are the different factors affecting inclusive development (Kourula et al., 2017). The methods that have been included in this journal article to get the findings of this article are developed countries organisation growth analysis and different sustainability-based research of the business. The theories include in this journal article are inclusive development and international business management. The inclusive development means the development of the business with equal distribution of value to all its stakeholders (Abers et al., 2017).

The second article of this analysis called Greening the Boardroom and the research question of this research study is why the environmental sustainability of the business is becoming increasingly important for the business (Ledgerwood, 2017). To find the solution to the research question of this study, a descriptive research design had been adopted. The evolution of environmental sustainability has been followed in this study and how the environmental sustainability impact in current business. The theories adopted in this research are the environmental sustainability of the business. The environmental sustainability of the business means the business operation conducted taking in mind different interest of the surrounding environment (Baland et al., 2018).

The third article of this analysis called Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability and the research question of this research study is what is the driver of the developing business model which sustainable in the market (Rauter et al., 2017). The theories used in this research study are business model for sustainability, leadership and value creation. The method used in this study to solve the research question is the empirical research study conducted on ten Austrian Companies. A cross-industry sample had been taken to conduct this research study. The business model means the structure of the business through which the business generates income (Massa et al., 2017).

The fourth article that will be discussed in this analysis called Sustainability: new strategic thinking for business and the research question of this study is how the sustainability of the business should be managed (Kopnina, 2017). The theories used in this research study are Corporate Social Responsibility, sharing economy, sustainable growth, Human nature and sustainable consumption. The method used to solve the research questions is an analysis of the finding of the research study of other authors related to the sustainability of the business. Sharing economy means the economy where assets are shared by two private individuals or organisation (Slee, 2017). Sustainable growth is the growth of the business which will help it survive in the long term (Pili et al., 2017).

The fifth journal article that will be discussed in this analysis called Business Cases and Corporate Engagement with Sustainability: Differentiating Ethical Motivations. The research questions of this study are what are the link between different Corporate Social Responsibilities activities and ethical motivation of the different businesses and what are different types of the ethical motivation of the different business for different CSR activities (Schaltegger and Burritt, 2018). The theories used in this study are corporate sustainability, Corporate Social responsibilities, business ethics, reactionary ethical motivation, responsible, ethical motivation and collaborative ethical motivation. The method used to reach this study's research question is an analysis of the CSR activities of the different business organisation and ethical motivation responsible for the activity. The ethical motivation means awareness about the ethical responsibility of the business (Rosenfeld, 2019). 

A comprehensive critique of the four different specific types of research methodology

The research methodology of Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research is applied by the analysis of the developed countries businesses' sustainable growth mainly on two factors which are the environment factor and labour factor. This method has been useful for the analysis of the influence of environmental and labour factor in the growth of the sustainability of the business. The gaps that are created in this method is that only sustainable growth of the developed countries is taken into account, the employee welfare and empowerment had been ignored, and the economic growth of the economies in which they are operating are ignored in this study. All these gaps are making the research study weak.

The first gap of only taking only developed countries had made the study scope limited as the awareness of sustainable growth increased more significantly in the developing countries than the developed in the recent time as the developed countries in much earlier stage started to understand the need of sustainable growth and started to implement it in their economies business. Therefore, it has decreased the chances of the study founding any new finding from this study. The second gap is not taking employee welfare and empowerment into account in the inclusive development method, and this is making the inclusive development framework made in this study framework significantly weak as the human resource or employee is the most important resource of a business, and the business cannot reach inclusive development with proper policies that increase the welfare and empowerment of the employee in the organisation. These policies make the productivity given by the human resource of the business increased both in quantity and quality and help in the inclusive development of the business. The third gap is not examining the economic growth of the market in which it operates, and this also analyses the factors affecting the inclusive development of the business incomplete. The future research should include these points to make more in-depth research on inclusive development of an organisation.

The research methodology of Greening the Boardroom has been applied by descriptive research design and under this methodology, the evolution of sustainability and its increasing significance in the business over different decades. The method used had made a worthwhile contribution to summarise how sustainability of the business has been increased over a point of time. The gaps that have been identified in this research study is the in-depth discussion of the background of different factors that influence the change in the significance of the environmental sustainability, and another gap of this study is that it is documented in this study when did different new factors included in the environmental sustainability of the business.

The first gap that is that the lack of in-depth discussion of the different factors influences contribution to make the environmental sustainability of the business more significant for the business. This in-depth discussion would have helped the user of the research study had a better understanding of the background of each factor that has increased the significance of the business. For example, environmental law includes the environmental responsibility of the business into the sustainability of the business and background of many other factors like these.

The second gap is the study does not document when which factor included in the environmental sustainability of the business, and this makes the study limited and lacking in some areas. The proper documentation of when different new factors included in the sustainability of the business and this would have helped the user had a better understanding of the sustainability of the business. The change in the definition of the sustainability of the business over the span of time can be related in the term of understanding why there is a different solution given to different case study related to sustainability at different times.

The research methodology of Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability include the empirical study of a cross-industry sample of ten Austrian companies. The worthwhile contribution of this study in the research fields related to sustainability is the identification of the two drivers of the sustainability of the business. The gap that has been found in this research study is that more focus has been given to the internal factors of a business environment which lead to the sustainability, but in this process, the external factors have been ignored by the author of these research study to a certain. Besides, another gap found is the identification of only two drivers of the sustainability of the business.

The first gap which is found in this study is ignorance of the external factors and emphasis on the internal factors of the business and this show the wrong interpretation of business sustainability. The sustainability of a business depends on both external and internal factors of the business. Even with an efficient internal business environment with good strategies and organisational culture, the business may fail due to its lack of focus on the external environment like the supply chain of the business or the market condition. The business has to take into consideration, both external and internal environmental conditions. Therefore, the study should have identified both the external and internal factors of the business which can lead to the sustainable business growth of the business.

The second gap which is found in this research study is that only two drivers of business sustainability had been identified. The sustainability of business includes many aspects of the business. Therefore, it is inadequate to select only two drivers of the sustainability of the business. The sustainability of the business has many aspects like economical, Social and environmental aspects of the business and each aspect have many drivers. This indicates how illogical it would be to think only two drivers can be driver of the sustainability of the business especially in current business and market environment.

The research methodology of Sustainability: new strategic thinking for business include a descriptive research design in which the different business had been cases had been analysed to understand how these different organisation had managed the sustainability of the business and what was the result of the business sustainability management in the performance of the business. One worthwhile of this research study in the field of research in the sustainability of the business is the finding which is that sustainability of the business is a continuous improvement process.

The gaps that have been found in this research study are that the finding of this research study is very vague excluding the above mentioned and that more in-depth discussion should have been about the different barriers faced by the business to be sustainable. In addition, it should be also be stated that the challenges found in the different markets that can cause trouble to the sustainability of the business should be identified and it could have also been added that what are the differences in the challenges found in different types of market. For example, how the challenges in a capitalist market differ from the challenges in the mixed economy and many other differences like these.

The first gap that is finding of the study to be vague and lacking clarity, which makes the usefulness of the finding less important for different users. The second gap is that the barriers are not properly discussed in the research study. Instead, it had put more emphasis on how barriers can be overcome by good strategic management of the business operation, and this can lead to the user not understand which barriers to look out for in the market. Then the third gap which is the challenges found in the different market and under this, it has been found that the challenges have not been properly explained and the difference between challenges in the different market situation had been ignored, and this will lead to the user not knowing which challenges to look out for in which market. The future research in this field should include a more in-depth discussion about the barriers and challenges and difference in the challenges in different markets as which could have to give the user a better understanding and guidance about these barriers and challenges.

Conclusion

The first research study which is called Corporate sustainability and inclusive development: highlights from international business and management research are worthy of further study it discusses the inclusive development and its relationship with the sustainability of the business. The inclusive development is a significant factor in the current economies and the research exclusively on inclusive development is much less than required, and these are the reasons for further study is required on this topic. The suggested for this research study in future is with the same research design but with the inclusion of all factors affecting inclusive development and in both developed and developing the country.

The second research study which is called Greening the Boardroom and the research study in this topic are further needed as the environmental sustainability becoming increasingly important in the current business world due to global warming and many other factors which are changing the dynamic of the environmental sustainability quickly. The research methodology includes the different factors that are driving environmental sustainability and when different factors are included in environmental sustainability like responsible procurement is also included in business environmental sustainability.

The third research study which is called Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability and this research topic need further study to find more drivers of the sustainable growth of the business and inclusion of external environment factor in this research topic. The recommended methodology of this research study should include the emphasis on both external and internal business environment to find the different drivers of the sustainability of the business.

The fourth research study which is called Sustainability: new strategic thinking for business is worthy of new further study as in-depth discussion about the barriers and challenges that a business faces in the sustainability of the business can guide the user in identifying the barriers and goals of the business more easily. The recommended research methodology more emphasis on the different barriers and challenges from the market data and not from the findings of the other author's research to get an unbiased result. In addition, it is also recommended that the difference in the type of barriers and challenges found in the different markets should be explained and identified.All these include the recommendation and conclusion of this research method analysis. 

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