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COMP 1009 Project Management Assignment - Middle East College, Oman
This assessment covers the following learning outcomes:
- Adapt to a developing business environment and be able to manage and implement change towards strategic objectives while critically evaluating the quality of their contribution.
- Evaluate the tools and techniques that need to be applied for the effective and successful implementation of an information systems project.
- Appraise the changing social and organisational effects, on both individuals and society as a whole, of information systems and technology projects.
- Assess key aspects of a given computer-related project within the scope of the indicative content.
Task - Read the XYZ Hypermarket case study carefully and analyze the situation. Discuss the Case study requirements.
Answer - Project management
1. Introduction
A "hypermarket" (occasionally called a "supercenter" or "superstore") is a big-box store uniting a superstore and a department store. The consequence is an extensive selling capability carrying a widespread variety of goods under one rooftop, together with complete foodstuffs lines and over-all merchandise. In concept, hypermarkets permit clienteles to gratify all their repetitive shopping requirements in one trip. The term hypermarket was invented in 1968 by French occupation professional Jacques Picket.
Hypermarkets, like supplementary big-box provisions, naturally have professional models concentrating on high-volume, low-margin sales (Ellickson, 2016). Stereotypically casing an extent of 5,000 to 15,000 square meters (54,000 to 161,000 sq. ft), they usually have further than 200,000 diverse brands of goods accessible at any one time. Because of their huge paths, several hypermarkets indicate suburban or out-of-town places that are effortlessly reachable by vehicle. A hypermarket is a marketing store that syndicates a department store and a grocery superstore. Frequently a very huge formation, hypermarkets bid a widespread variation of goods such as utilizations, fashion and foodstuffs.
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2. Project definition
Here, the project definition deals with the implementation of the informational systems, which the new locations (in three new stores) of the brand XYZ Hypermarket will use and to plan the necessary requirements such as the different locations and the cost management, the workflow performance and the availability of merchandise in various other locations. The it team must have an entire remote access to the main database as well as the access to the further new databases that are to be implemented in the various other locations.
3. Problem Definition
The problem definition here caters the implementation of the main information system into various other locations and accessing it remotely can be a challenging task. Not only shifting the entire data base of the existing store to the various new locations but also managing it through remote access, through IP addressing and HTTP network (Van Aken and Berends, 2018). This requires high data connectivity and data security. The implementation of the information system in the new stores must be like the previous database. All the stores on various locations must be connected well to the previous and main office system to regularly be updated with the following changes in stocks, cost efficiency, and with the sales report of the month. This implementation will help in the increase of the workflow performance and the availability of the various stocks in the respective different locations.
4. Analyzing the factors that are needed to maintain High Quality
Hypermarkets are consuming all types of wiles to fascinate clienteles from publicizing innovative proposals to give them constancy discount. Hypermarkets are providing that all kind of inducements to clienteles. The beginning of online shopping of food facility by hypermarkets have fashioned more handiness for the customers to order their foodstuffs from the ease of their household. Some factors influencing in maintaining the high quality of the hypermarket is that it must be able to control the entire system remotely from an external office. They must have a full proof plan/strategy to maintain and track the Return on Investment (ROI). which means they need o plan t that how much time will the project model need to give returns on the investment made as well as the percentage of the profit to make a graph of the financial stability of the hypermarket. Another important aspect, which is to analyze the resources required for the establishment of the hypermarket. It directly indicated to a detailed analyzation of the available resource the company already has, the amount in which these resources are available and at the end the consumption of these resources and the purchase of the resources the company orders. Lastly the location where the hypermarket needs to be set. The area, dimensions, locality, and the crowd that will get access to the hypermarket highly influences the high quality of the hypermarket.
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5. Management throughout project development
To manage the full-fledged work of the project, managers will be appointed to manage the entire project to provide an end-to-end solution without any lack of connectivity and communication issues (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017). The entire project needs to be implemented securely, systematically and seamlessly. Some of the important features to be taken care of are as follows:
- Implement such a system, which is easy and convenient to explain to the staff.
- Backup and recovery plan of the database which means if the data gets erased or lost then there must be an option for its recovery and the backup must be updated every now and then to ensure the progress and loss of the company.
- Identify the total period it will take to complete the entire project and the training duration and the cost of the training should be taken care of.
- Risk management and methodologies means to analyze the risk factors and make stratagems and plans to avoid them as much as possible. Therefore, if the company does this analysis then the project will be ready to face any kind of risks and challenges in the future as well.
- The cost of the project will be feasible to the stockholders or the shareholders of the company or not. They are also interested in the same strategy or not.
- Create a training plan, analyze the total duration of the training, the cost of it and whether it will be beneficial for the staff of not. Whether the staff will be able to learn and adapt everything from the training sessions or not.
- There is a constant need to analyze these factors. Once, this deep analyzing is done through an extensive research work. Then, the project will be all ready to start with.
6. Conduct a feasibility study to access whether this project can be taken up or not
There is a misunderstanding about the feasibility study and the market. When market comes forward, the demand and supply is what people understand. However, market is a very wide term. On the hand, feasibility study mostly focuses on the ability of the consumers to satisfy their demands. The ability generally signifies the monitory support of the people for their demand of a product. The overall Gross Domestic Product of Oman has increased significantly since 1970s. According to Tradingeconomics.com (2019), currently it stands at 72.64 billion United States dollar. The GDP of Oman stands at almost .12 percentage of the world economy. The value of this country's currency is much higher than the United States. The people of this place have a good amount of purchasing power to support their demands (xe.com, 2019).
However, the biggest challenge XYZ company might face in this country is the competition. Number of stores in situated in Dhofar and Sur are very much higher. People of these places always prefer one place for purchasing due to cultural and social trend. The XYZ will have to make good investment in terms of advertisement and marketing before they offer their product to their consumers. Yes, the XYZ Company can take up this project if they manage to deal with the competition very well. Number of stores in the above two places are very high and the company is likely to see intense competition in these places. However, Nizwa's market condition provides perfect opportunity for the XYZ Company to conduct its business. This sector of the country is mostly filled with residencies areas and very few minor retail stores are available in this sector. The XYZ can make good amount of revenue from the sector without making much effort.
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7. Scope of the project and the stakeholders involved
The entire scope of the project lies is based on the implementation of the information technology in all the new stores across the various locations. To ensure the full-fledged connectivity of all the stores in all the locations with the main office. It must be well connected through the technology to increase and track the workflow and performance of the various stores and even the accessibility of the various locations and the availability of the stocks present in the market.
Now, let's head over to the stock holder of the hypermarkets. There are normally two types of stockholders in the hypermarket and those are the internal stockholders and the external stockholders of a hypermarket (Belwaland Belwal, 2017). The internal stockholders are those who are in some way directly associated with the hypermarket and they relate to the functioning of the hypermarket. Few persons who are the internal stock holders of the hypermarket are: software engineers, chief information officers (CIO), project managers and system analysts also.
The external stockholders are those who are not associated with the hypermarket directly but they are in somewhat way connected to the hypermarket through its planning or the sales department. They are just passively connected to the hypermarket in any ratio. Few persons related to the hypermarket externally or the external stockholders are: clienteles, owners, and information users also.
8. Requirements Specifications in terms of setting up a new hypermarket systems and interconnectivity (network) between them and these must include the following:
8.1 Functional Requirements
The stores should be well connected with each other. There should be a good data connectivity among the stores. The internet speed should be high. There should be a VPN (virtual private network) that provides seamless communication, securing the internal and confidential data of the company.
8.2 Resource Requirements
Need a huge base of work force to easily complete the project on time. Good managers and well-qualified trainers are required to train the staff and make them ready for the project. Expert developer's r required to develop high-end applications so that the entire operational work can be done at ease. In addition, it can be more cost effective. Network engineer's r required to take care of the servers that manages the entire operations. Database administrator's r required to maintain a huge database of the company. In addition, software test engineers are required to test the applications and the entire operations before they are implemented.
8.3 Quality Requirements
Software test engineers to be appointed to do the quality checking before a new product gets launched in the market. They will perform various methodologies such as waterfall model architecture or hybrid architecture while performing various testing activities. All these measures are to be taken to do the quality check.
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9. Compare two Project methodologies and identify the best methodology for this project. Provide scheduling plan - Work Breakdown structure-task list for this project
Comparison of two project methodologies
Among the two main project methodologies, Waterfall and Prince2, most suitable project methodology will be selected for the project as per its needs and requirements. The waterfall methodology will provide this project an overall concept of the time, size and cost variables. On the other hand, Prince2 methodology helps is building effective communication between internal and external team members throughout the project. With waterfall methodology, expectation and needs of each project achievement step will be cleared. While, the second methodology help in addressing roles and responsibilities of each designated people in a project. The waterfall technique helps in offering an effective project structure; while the second methodology is not helpful for implementing changes after application.
Identification of perfect methodology
Based on the project requirement for XYZ Group, the suitable methodology will be Waterfall. This project methodology will help in discussing and achieving various features that are essential for this project and will make it more flexible for application. With this methodology stakeholder engagement in each stage, communication and better communication would be done.
Schedule plan
Project scheduling plan is a way of completing a task and provide information of each task or function in the project. Basically, a schedule plan includes the start date and end date of a project. Duration of completing the entire project is two months, starting form 7/5/2019 to 3/7/19.
Work break down structure
|
No.
|
Task
|
Duration
|
Start day
|
End day
|
Predecessors
|
|
1
|
Introduction
|
1 day
|
7/5/2019
|
7/5/2019
|
|
|
2
|
Project Identification
|
3 days
|
8/5/2019
|
10/5/19
|
1
|
|
3
|
Factors (project development)
|
5 days
|
11/5/19
|
15/5/19
|
2
|
|
5
|
Feasibility study
|
1 day
|
16/5/19
|
17/5/19
|
3
|
|
6
|
Scope of project
|
3 days
|
18/5/19
|
20/5/19
|
4
|
|
7
|
Stakeholder of project
|
3 days
|
21/5/19
|
23/5/19
|
5
|
|
8
|
Requirement Specification
|
2 days
|
24/5/19
|
26/5/19
|
6
|
|
9
|
Functional Requirement
|
1 day
|
27/5/19
|
28/5/19
|
7
|
|
10
|
Resource Requirement
|
3 days
|
29/5/19
|
31/5/19
|
8
|
|
11
|
Quality Requirement
|
1 day
|
1/6/19
|
2/6/19
|
9
|
|
12
|
Project Methodologies
|
2 days
|
3/6/19
|
4/6/19
|
10
|
|
13
|
Compare tow project
|
1 day
|
5/6/19
|
6/6/19
|
11
|
|
14
|
Scheduling Plan
|
2 days
|
7/6/19
|
9/6/19
|
12
|
|
15
|
Work Breakdown Structure
|
2 days
|
10/6/19
|
12/6/19
|
13
|
|
16
|
Gantt chart
|
2 days
|
13/6/19
|
15/6/19
|
14
|
|
17
|
Risk documentation
|
1 day
|
16/6/19
|
17/6/19
|
15
|
|
18
|
SWOT analysis
|
2 days
|
18/6/19
|
20/6/19
|
16
|
|
19
|
Estimate Plan
|
4 days
|
21/6/19
|
24/6/19
|
17
|
|
20
|
Approximation Plan
|
2 days
|
25/6/19
|
27/6/19
|
18
|
|
21
|
Training Plan
|
3 days
|
28/6/19
|
30/6/19
|
19
|
|
22
|
Acceptance Plan
|
2 days
|
1/7/19
|
Tue 3/7/19
|
20
|
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Gantt Chart
Network diagram analysis
The network path for this project is given below;
10. Risk Identification and Mitigation plan (minimum six with three technical risks). You can use any of the following techniques to identify the Risks
The company's ability to identify the risk and deal with the problems ensures the success of the company. Risk identification and Mitigation plan provides security in terms of receiving opportunity from the market and dealing with the problems in the market. In the following context, some risk analyzing tactic has been used.
11. SWOT Analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)
|
Strength
|
The strength of the XYZ company is its ability to adopt and its experience in the field within the country. This company's headquarter is based on the capital of Oman. Therefore, they have healthy amount of knowledge in the taste and preference of the consumer.
|
|
Weakness
|
Perhaps the biggest weakness of the XYZ company is its overall experience in expanding business. The marketing management do not have good amount of knowledge in the field of expanding. The advertisement policy also needs a good amount of makeover in order to deal with its growing presences.
|
|
Opportunity
|
This company has good opportunity within the country. The GDP of the country is quite high and the currency value of the country is higher than most of the country in the world.
|
|
Threat
|
The local competitors are the biggest threat for the company along with threat of new entry. Although the currency of the country is one of the highest in the world, the number of new business are growing within the country.
|
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12. Scenario planning
The scenario planning refers to as the kinds of scenarios that might come up during the operation or induction of new business within the country. It is also known as scenario analysis or scenario thinking. It is considered as a strategic planning method for the management. Usually there are eight steps involved in the scenario planning method as shown in the below figure.
The above figure shows the eight steps of scenario planning. As shown in the figure, the scenario planning is usually interconnected with one another. They are very important for any company to deal with the external or internal issues. Here are the eight steps that XYZ Company need to address. The probable focal issues a company can have is its inability to make proper marketing for setting up on business. The driving focus of an issue is directly related with the focal issues. Every issue such as advertisement, place selection, consumer's demand should be ranked properly. Therefore, every issue must be related with one another.
13. Morphological
There is a very little scenario of XYZ company's marge with another company to conduct business. As per the case study, the company is planning to open its business with its own resources and experience. However, the company can benefit a lot if it tries to merge with another company who has experience in the region.
14. Cross-impact
The cross-impact analysis helps a company in dealing with probability. Anything or any places where the company is not certain of the outcome the XYZ company can take the help of this system to minimize the uncertainty.
15. CBR (Case-based reasoning)
The company can also take the help of CBR. This method allows the company to use its experience to make the best possible choice for the company. The company has ample amount of data and experience to deal with any future uncertainty.
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16. Costing Plan/Estimation plan (should include all types of overheads)
New business setup cost
Dr
Cr
|
Liability
|
Total
|
Assets
|
Total
|
|
To current assets
To investments
To other assets
|
5,00,000
64,000
76,000
|
By current liabilities
By long -term liabilities
|
6,04,676
35,324
|
|
Total
|
6,40,000
|
Total
|
6,40,000
|
18. Resource Plan (include manpower requirements)
The resource plan required for a hypermarket is highly selective. To open a hypermarket, you need to keep in mind what are your needs and what you want to deliver tom your clienteles. These are a few resources you need to keep a check on:
- The manpower- there is a huge need for man power for the completion of the project on time
- Good managers and trainers are required for the management of the project.
- Expert developers are required for the development of the technology.
- Engineers are required for the various testings' and maintenances.
19. Training Plan
The CIO (chief information officer) will be handling the training sessions that will help in guiding the staff how to handle, operate and maintain the newly implemented information system. Many seminars will be conducted to make them understand the functionalities of the entire system. The sessions will be highly taken care of by the industry experts having huge experience in the same domain. They will explain the stuffs in details so that there will be no doubts regarding the operational or functional instances of the system. An in-depth knowledge transfer procedure will be followed to enhance the productivity and efficiency of the team and the services. The programmer and the developer team will take care of developing a more efficient and high-quality coding.
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20. Recognize the influence of the selected project on the society/organization.
The significant benefits of this project are listed below;
- XYZ hypermarket will be developed proper reputation among the consumers and society members.
- After this XYZ hypermarket will attain competitive advantage
- Develops the economy
- This hypermarket will able to grab high production and quality with high efficiency
Ethical standards of this project
This project would assist and promote the ethical standards of company and workers to work in an honest way and ensure that all the functions and operations are performing based on the needs or the organization and customer satisfaction along with organizational success. This project might promote ethical standard like respect among the workers, any relationship could be built on the respect, regarding the workers could develop the work efficiency and respecting consumers could develop the profit. This project is a group work, so all the employees must respect each other.
21. Conclusion and reflection of Individual work and overall case study learning experience
The above discussion is based on XYZ company, which is trying to expand its business with Oman. It has the much-needed experience and knowledge in the field to deal with the issues in hand. In order to conduct the discussion detailed analysis of the market along with the company's internal analysis has been conducted. The Oman consumer market has also been explored in details. The company has great opportunity to conduct better business in the country and expand the business as well.
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