Ethical and Spiritual Decision Making in Healthcare Assignment Help

1. Explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.

2. Explain what scientism is and describe two of the main arguments against it.

3. Answer each of the worldview questions according to your own personal perspective and worldview:

(a) What is ultimate reality?

(b) What is the nature of the universe?

(c) What is a human being?

(d) What is knowledge?

(e) What is your basis of ethics?

(f) What is the purpose of your existence?

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Q-1

• Christian Perspective of Nature of Spirituality and Ethics

The nurses are facing tough situations at their workplace and the top-level management of the healthcare organizations needs to find ways to overcome these gaps. They even need to understand the needs and expectations of the patients and serve accordingly; it will thereby allow them to adhere to the stated Code of Ethics of the organization (Garner et al., 2015). The nurses today not only need to have desired nursing skills but also need to possess skills such as - leadership, management, and team-handling (Garner et al., 2015). They will even require adapting to challenging work situations by possessing abilities such as - conflict resolution, effective communication, and team-based working approach.

The Christian Perspective has thereby provided specific work approach and has recommended considering the aspect of spirituality as well in the nursing practice. The Biblical principles devise nurses to adhere to the religious values of the patients as well as it will allow them to fulfill the other expectations of the patients. It will thereby develop trust and relationship among them that will ensure overcoming the major challenges of the workplace.

The Old Testament makes it clear that they need to promote health and wellbeing of the concerned people who are looking out for such services in given environment (Shelly & Miller, 2006). God has presented directives for food, childbirth, waste, and infections (Garner et al., 2015). Thus, nurses will be required to follow the spirit-guided life that will allow them to perform as per the needs of the organization (Shelly & Miller, 2006); simultaneously, it will also fulfill to the care needs of the patients in a given environment.

Further, there are nursing frameworks designed under the Christian Perspective of Nursing that provides guidelines and directions to the nursing staff in a given healthcare environment. On the other hand, spirit-guided care provides instructions to the nursing staff that they need to follow in their daily routine practices (Garner et al., 2015).

It will thereby allow them to overcome the major risk factors, ensure spiritual wellbeing of the patient, enhance and promote overall wellbeing, follow to the principles as provided by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) and thereby deliver their key responsibility toward the patients (Shelly & Miller, 2006).

Q-2

• Scientism

Scientism reflects to the thoughts and expression that are promoted in a given community based on normative and epistemological values. It will be vital for the nursing staff to consider realistic situations and accordingly focus on the human behavior in a given environment. They need to reduce the impact of natural laws and instead focus on the laws of physics and other associated science in their daily routine practices (Seemann et al., 2015).

They cannot assume any particular variable and instead of turning fictitious they need to consider the given scientific state of a given patient in a given healthcare organization. It will be more important for the Nursing Leader to focus on the fundamental aspects of positivism with enhance symbolic logic and semantic theory that will guide them to perform as per the stated objectives of the organization (Seemann et al., 2015).

It will be important for them to maintain a standard of personal health to such an extent that the quality of the care services will be not compromised. Besides, they need to develop specific skills through which they will be able to demonstrate their personal conduct in a given environment (Quenstedt-Moe & Popkess, 2014).

They need to even gain trust of the patient and at the same time use today's technological platforms for the purpose of improving the healthcare services in a given environment (Seemann et al., 2015). They can consider following the Deontology Ethics in their daily work environment, wherein they need to overcome ethical dilemmas, perform right actions with ethical support, and also ensure moral thinking in their operational practices (Shelly & Miller, 2006). It will thereby allow them to overcome the major challenges of the workplace and instead achieve the required objectives of a given healthcare organization from the scientific perspective (Seemann et al., 2015).

Q-3

a) Ultimate Reality

It will be vital for the nursing staff to focus more on the given ground reality where they are practicing nursing in a given healthcare organization. They will thereby require to first determining the trait characteristics of the patents. Second, through their nursing expertise and patient advocacy, they can develop patient-centered nursing interventions (Kang, Engberg, & Muto, 2014).

These include - responsive solutions, coordination with staff, better work proficiency, and standard treatments to the patients as required (Kang, Engberg, & Muto, 2014). It will thereby allow them to not only achieve desired health outcomes but they will be able to develop the sense of wellbeing across the organization.

They will even educate the patient and make them aware of their respective healthcare challenges, provide them with realistic instructions that they need to follow in the future, and finally provide solutions so that they can prevent the given healthcare challenge in a given environment (Kang, Engberg, & Muto, 2014). The nurses are even recommended to monitor these practices from the realistic perspective and take steps for future improvement wherever required.

b) Nature of the Universe

The concept of universe is a broad concept that will take into consideration multiple aspects in a given working environment. These include - individual work approach, adult learning concepts, continuum of learning, evidence-based practices, national and provincial approval, usage of technology, health seeking behaviors, institutional integrity, and best practices that should be implemented for the betterment of the patients in a given environment (Kay & Saudelli, 2015).

The nurses need to take holistic approach through which they will be able to understand the other aspects of nursing practices and will be able to deliver accordingly in the organization. They need to consider legal, social, religious, cultural, and even economic aspects if required while treating the patients.

The nurses however need to monitor their best policies and practices that will allow them to perform as per the needs of the patients. They even need to track both internal and external behaviors of the patients and thereby identify their various needs (Kay & Saudelli, 2015). They even need to focus on improving their communication approach that will allow them to serve accordingly.

c) What is human being?

The role of the nursing staff is vital as they need to provide services with respect for human dignity. A given human being will be found to be suffering from multiple healthcare disorders and other issues. It will be a moral responsibility of the healthcare staff to first detect the given problem and then accordingly provide him with the best treatment solution.

However, it will happen that the nature of a given patient, his reaction and response, his support, his overall behavior, and his communication style will differ a lot with other patients. Thus, it will be the responsibility of the nursing staff to remain competent in their practices, remain committed toward the organization, deliver best quality services and treatments as per the expectations of the different human beings that are admitted, follow the ethical principles in their routine practices, and finally overcome ethical dilemmas at a given workplace in the organisation (Phillips & Malone, 2014).

It will be vital for any of the given nursing staff to follow the principles of - justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, veracity, and ethics in their daily work practices (Phillips & Malone, 2014). It will thereby allow them to achieve the required objectives of the organization.

d) What is knowledge?

Nursing knowledge will refer to - diagnosis of a given healthcare situation, classification of the major healthcare issues, outcomes expected, intervention solutions available, and clinical situation. The role of the nursing staff will be to conduct systematic assessment of a given patient, diagnose the healthcare issue through different tests, understand the priorities of the patient, measure the intensity of the healthcare issue, and finally follow to the instructions of the physician for providing required treatments (Ziebarth, 2014).
The nurses also need to consider patient preferences and their work competencies while delivering the required solution. It will thereby allow them to handle the most difficult situation in an easy way. Further, researchers have even recognized the types of knowledge that the nurses gain while working in healthcare organization. These include - critical hermeneutic, generalized, ethical, situational, and aesthetic (Ziebarth, 2014).

They will thereby be able to perform better in different domains such as - client domain, client-nurse domain, and even environment domain (Ziebarth, 2014). It will thereby allow them to work accordingly and perform as per the expectations of the top-level management of a given institution.

e) Basis of Ethics

The basis for ethics for the nursing staff will allow them to conduct their practices as per the needs of the organization. They need to first identify the social values associated with the patients and simultaneously also focus on ethical reasoning. It will thereby allow them to consider matters of obligation, deliver their responsibility, and also take stand on what is right and wrong in the organization (Vuolanto, 2015).

The nursing code of ethics will make sure that the nurses are performing on the core ethical principles that include - respect for human dignity, fairness, honesty, transparency, non-discrimination, and accountability (Vuolanto, 2015). They will thereby not compromise on the code of ethics and instead will be able to deliver required treatment solutions to the patients.

In addition, they even need to observe the principles of integrity and honesty and thereby remain transparent in their daily work routines. They even need to consider the needs of different stakeholders and follow accordingly to the work routines. It will thereby allow them to adhere to the socio-cultural values and also ensure following of key ethical principles in a given working environment (Vuolanto, 2015).

f) Purpose of Existence

The purpose of existence should be clearly defined among the nursing staff; it will allow them to revise their work responsibilities in the organization. The nurses need to follow to the vision and mission of the organization and thereby follow to the work routines as directed to them (Wu et al., 2018).

The personnel management team needs to train the nurses on - disclosure, honesty, informed consent, competence, confidentiality, and decision-making (Wu et al., 2018). It will thereby allow the nursing staff to not only follow to the given principles but also deliver based on the instructions provided to them.

They will require learning the aspects of leadership and management that will allow them to work in a multidisciplinary team and serve accordingly to the patients (Wu et al., 2018). It will thereby allow the patients to get recovered soon and subsequently follow to the key instructions of the nursing staff as provided to them.

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