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Designing a High speed Wireless Data Link - Line of Sight Link Budget Analysis
In this case study, the students will be required to calculate the link budget for a LOS Wireless link.
Question
(a) Calculate the FSPL in dB for a distance of 5Km and 10 Km for two different frequencies 5.8GHz, 2.4GHz and construct a table as follows:
Answer:
Free Space Path Loss can be calculated as follows
We can calculate the path loss between the transmitter and he receiver. In decibels the FSPL can be expressed as follows
FSPL (dB) = 20 log10(d) +20 log10(f)+32.45
Where d is the distance between the receiver and transmitter in kms and
f is the frequency in MHz.
|
Distance , d (km)
|
log10(d)
|
A = 20 log10(d)
|
F in GHz
|
log10(f)
|
B = 20 log10(f)
|
A+B+32.45
|
FSPL (dB)
|
|
5
|
0.69897
|
13.9794001
|
2.4
|
3.38021124
|
67.6042248
|
81.5836249
|
81.5836249
|
|
5
|
0.69897
|
13.9794001
|
5.8
|
3.76342799
|
75.2685599
|
89.24796
|
89.24796
|
|
10
|
1
|
20
|
2.4
|
3.38021124
|
67.6042248
|
87.6042248
|
87.6042248
|
|
10
|
1
|
20
|
5.8
|
3.76342799
|
75.2685599
|
95.2685599
|
95.2685599
|
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Question
(b) Calculate the link budget analysis for the wireless system, which will involve calculating the following:
• Received Power
• Link Margin
Answer:
Received Power and link margin
A link budget is considering of all of the gains and losses from the transmitter, through the medium to the receiver in a telecommunication system.
Considering the distance 5 km and frequency 5.8GHz , the losses are calculated as
|
Distance , d (km)
|
log10(d)
|
A = 20 log10(d)
|
F in GHz
|
log10(f)
|
B = 20 log10(f)
|
A+B+32.45
|
FSPL (dB)
|
|
5
|
0.69897
|
13.9794001
|
5.8
|
3.76342799
|
75.2685599
|
89.24796
|
89.24796
|
The FSPL loss is 89.24dB
Received Power = Transmitted power + Gains - Losses
= 23 dBm +24dBi - 89.24
=-42.24dBm
Link Margin = Received power- receiver sensitivity
=-42.24dBm -(-72dBm)
=29.76dB
Question
(c) For the calculated Link Margin at 5Km what can you say about the availability/reliability of the link based on the following Table.
Answer:
This is the Rayleigh fading model. This is caused by multipath reception. This is as a result of large number of waves which are reflected and scattered.
Here the link margin is 29.76dB. And based on the table it is able to produce 99% link availability based on the Rayleigh fading channel.
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