Part 1: Creativity And Innovation In Organisations
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Question 1: Discuss briefly why creativity is critical for every company these days. In your answer, you should discuss what would be the impact for ezyVet Ltd., if they do not continuously support creativity in their organisation.
Answer: According to Amabile (2018), Creativity is crucial in today's scenario owing to the ongoing challenges and issues that are affecting the competitive edge. It plays a crucial role in ensuring business sustainability and facilitates the procurement of competitive advantage among others (Jensen et al.2016). In regards to EzyVet, the need to consistently focus on the aspect of technological creativity is integral to the long term sustenance of the company. The company was established with the aim of offering a customizable software solution in regards to Veterinary Practice Management. Thus, the need to be creative and innovative is integral for EzyVet to combat with the current business competition and make its niche presence in the Veterinary domain.
Question 2: There are eight factors that can affect how creative a person is: knowledge, age, positive outlook, cognitive flexibility, working memory and sustained attention, self-esteem, rogue behaviour and avoiding conformity, and mindfulness. Choose two (2) of these factors and illustrate how each of them may have influenced the creation of the creators of ezyVet software.
Answer: 1. Cognitive Flexibility: The company is said to break the barriers of conventional methods in business in addressing customer requirements in an effective manner (Salerno et al.2015). EzyVet penetrated through the traditional methods to create a software solution that would be tailor-made to the customer requirements pertaining to VPM.
2. Positive Outlook: The management of the company is said to possess a positive outlook in its new and innovative venture. The company aspired to stay connected to the behavioural and emotional patterns of the customer mindset and develop effective cloud-based VPM solutions to make the work easier for the users.
Question 3: Creativity and innovation should be at the heart of any business. How will you go about encouraging creativity in the case study company? Describe two (2) ways of promoting creativity and then provide an example of how they would implement each guideline.
Answer: 1. Challenging the status quo: In regards to the case study, it has been obvious, that EzyVet had the zeal for challenging the status quo and initiate innovation in business. The company had come up amidst intense competition with the aim of developing cloud-based VPM solutions to the users. Thus, the company had demonstrated a knack in challenging the status quo and make a mark in business innovation.
2. Encourage taking a risk in business: There had been several software solutions that dealt with the practices of veterinary management (Bosch-Sijtsema& Bosch, 2015). However, none seemed to be a successful and appropriate solution to address the issue. Thus, the company EzyVet had made use of Open Source Technologies to create a customizable that would be secured and easy to use. This showed that the company has been successful in undertaking risks to address VPM issues.
Question 4: 1. Identify one (1)example of an innovation the case study company is, or could be, developing.
2. Discuss two (2) ways how you believe this innovation could be encouraged, or fostered, by this organisation.
Answer: Example of innovation: The company EzyVet is marked as an innovative organisation owing to its encouraging efforts in building software solutions to deal with the issues of VPM. Considering the heavy cost and complications of the existing VPM software solutions ,EzyVet came up with a customizable software solution that is cloud-based and is comparatively cheaper. The company aspires to develop AI and machine learning to explore the aspects of tracking user behaviour and accordingly facilitate the management of disease outbreaks in the animal sector.
Encouraging Innovation
1. The recruits must be innovative and creative in nature: while hiring the new talents for the company, EzyVet must be able to monitor and assess the innovative knack of the individual. The in regards to the team of EzyVet, it has been evident that the members are also experienced developers, consultants and IT personnel who place special focus on their respective works and endow apt knowledge to the development of software solutions.
2. Using technology incubators: the use of technology incubators helps in addressing the complexities of technologies and facilitates the business operations towards innovation (Lages, 2016). It acts as an integral technique of Research and Development and focuses on the enhancement of innovative entrepreneurial ideas (Baldi& Roux,2016).
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Question 5: The Wheel of Innovation(WoI) process is one of the three processes of innovation we saw in class. Illustrate how this process, with its five steps, could have been applied when the case study company developed its innovative product.
Answer: Imagining: According to Demircioglu, (2017), imagining refers to the imaginative creation of new business possibilities and ideas that tend to create its classic position in the business scenario. This phase of innovation wheel is addressed in communicating and extending the current ways with the aim of discovering new solutions (Burnes, 2015). This is applicable with respect to EzyVet owing to their development of the new Cloud-based VPM software solutions. Considering the challenges of the existing VPM software solutions, the company harped on the wider possibilities of innovation and developed a customised cloud-based software solution
Designing: Designing refers to the technical aspects of testing, prototyping and sampling before final implementation (Rafferty & Jimmieson,2017). EzyVet engaged in using Open Source Technology to create the program. The new software solution is said to include the greater composition of technology that had been tested prior to its final implementation. The software is said to rich in features and easily usable to the users.
Experimenting: Considering the experimentation of the new VPM software, EzyVet had focused on assessing the financial value and customer value in regards to its services. The existing software solutions had been expensive. Thus, the new software addresses value for money.
Assessing: Assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the new software, EzyVet had emphasized on the feature enriched aspect of the new VPM. The technology is said to facilitate AI and machine learning abilities to assess user behaviours and also track animal health issues. The software is also able to secure backup data in a safer manner.
Scaling: EzyVet plans to implement the new software in assessing user behaviour with respect to tracking animal health issues by using AI and machine learning techniques.
PART TWO: Change in Organisations
Question 1: a. Describe briefly three (3) examples of change that could occur, or are occurring, in the case study company.
b. Explain how each can impact on the organisation - include, in your explanation what the target (task; people; culture; technology, etc.) of the changes / may be, and then which function/s (marketing, sales, production, etc.) would be affected.
Answer: 1. innovative VPM software: It will target all the veterinary clinics and professional who will need the software to manage the animal health details. This will be beneficial for the users to save and secure the relevant data and preserve backup information (Georgalis et al.2015).
2. Implementation of AI and machine learning techniques: This will help in assessing user behaviour and capture the relevant data. This stored data will be sent back to and will facilitate performance management.
3. AI for examining the animal health sector: This new AI technology shall be used to address the issues pertaining to the animal health sector for dealing with disease outbreaks. The new technology will enable geocoding to preserve 5 years of data in one platform and also analyse the financial patterns of the respective topographical locations.
Question 2: There are three (3) approaches to change leadership: top-down, bottom-up, and integrated.
Based on what you learned, or assume, about the case study company, decide which approach is more suitable for it to implement, describe your selected approach, justify why this approach is the most appropriate for this company, and discuss how you would implement it.
Answer: Description: Integrated approach in change leadership refers to a collaborative effort of both the top-down and the bottom-down levels of workers to initiate change in the company
Justification: The implementation of this process is considered to be the most appropriate as it is an integrated approach and engages each and every aspect of the management (Rafferty &Jimmieson, 2017). This is considered to be the most successful as it helps in engaging diverse, innovative ideas about business process, leading to assured success.
Discussion of implementation: In regards toEzyVet, the application of the integrated approach is helpful in assessing the organisational need. The development of the new software in EzyVet had been a result of an integrated effort of the Developers, IT and Technical experts.
Question 3: It is likely that the change in the case study company will bring about resistance from employees. Reasons for resisting change could include: fear of the unknown, not knowing the purpose of change, disrupted habits, loss of confidence, loss of control, work overload. Choose two (2) of these reasons.
Explain why each of them may arise amongst employees in the case study company.
Answer: Disruptive Habits: This relates to the sudden disruptions in the organisational activities and creates a stir in the existing process. In regards toEzyVet, the implementation of the new innovative processes may lead to sudden alterations in the conventional business habits causing resistance towards change.
Work Overload: The development of the new software and AI implementations would mean greater workloads that may be difficult for the employees. This may lead to huge overload , in turn causing resistance to change.
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Question 4: ezyVet has decided to make changes in the process they develop software. This will mean changes to the way they manage the business. Lewin's Force Field Analysis model explains that change will not take place unless driving forces are stronger than restraining forces.
(a) Explain two (2) restraining forces that may arise when this change starts being implemented, and two (2) driving forces that change leaders may put into action to oppose them at this earlier stage.
Answer: Restraining Force 1: Employees may turn out to be a major restraining force for the organization. They may get afraid of using new methods for software development. Some of them may also refuse to work overtime unless they are given proper wages. Moreover, they may not have knowledge about the new technologies involved.
Restraining Force 2: The environment is a major factor that can act as a restraining force for ezyVet. The new technologies that are to be used for changing the process of software development may not come up well with the environmental conditions of the organization.
Driving Force 1: Support of customers is a major driving force that can mitigate all restrictions coming in the process of development. The customers are aware of the changes taking place in today's market, and they always want those changes to be implemented in the products they want. Therefore, to satisfy customers, the change can be made.
Driving Force 2: Technology is another driving force for the organization. Using the latest technology in the development of software will help largely to increase its speed. This will cause a reduction in time, thereby motivating the employees to work efficiently and learn about the new technologies since these are taking less time.
This will also increase competition for the other organizations involved in the management of veterinary practices.
(b) Explain two (2) driving forces leader in the case study company could put in place to re-freeze or stabilise the newly changed process.
Answer: Management of workforce: Management of workforce is necessary to stabilize the changes taking place in the organization. Proper training of the employees and informing them about the new technologies and the rising public demand will make them work willingly, thereby stabilizing the change.
Economics: Economics can be regarded as a major driving force for ezyVet as the organization has thought of making certain changes in the process of developing software. This can overcome the restraining forces by maintaining the costs. The availability of proper economic sources will help the organization to provide better wages to the employees. Moreover, it will allow them to take challenges in opting for new methods and techniques.
Question 5: Kotter's organisational change model involves eight clearly defined steps. Explain how you would implement the first five steps of Kotter's change model to implement the change in its software development process,which was mentioned in the previous question.
Answer: Establish a sense of urgency: Development of a sense of urgency will help the organization, as it wants to make changes in the software development process. This involves a declaration of opportunities and the increasing competition in the market. If the sense of urgency is convincing, then people will start talking about the need for change
Form a powerful coalition: This involves the need for convincing people about the necessity of change. This requires the involvement of strong administrative and support from primary people within the organization.
Create a new strategic vision: Implementation of proper strategies in order to identify the restrictions coming in the process of development should be made. Further strategies to execute the vision successfully should be put into focus.
Effectively communicate vision: Communication of the idea of change is essential for the determination of success. Communication of the vision should be made as frequently as possible. Besides meetings, not a single opportunity can be missed for making powerful communication. The vision needs to be applied in all spheres of operations, starting from hiring employees to reviewing their performances (Rutten, M., Achterbosch, T. J., De Boer, I. J., Cuaresma, Geleijnse, Havlík& Van Meijl, 2018).
Empower employees to change: The restrictions faced in the process of change must be eliminated successfully to empower employees. The structure following the changes must be put forward effectively and checked on a regular basis to eliminate barriers. This will help the organization to empower employees who are the fundamental components of executing the vision.
Question 6: Explain why KPIs are used in organisations.Illustrateone (1) financial KPI, one (1) customer KPI and one (1) process KPI that the case study company would use.
Answer: Explanation of reason for using KPIs: The importance of using KPIs in an organization lies in a number of factors. It helps in the measurement of goals and developing an atmosphere of learning. It also helps in providing the necessary information to employees as well as the consumers. It also goes for motivating liability and charging the morale of workers (Bini, Dainelli, Giunta & Simoni, 2019).
Financial KPI: Forecasting the flow of cash in the organization is an essential KPI. OCF or Operating Cash Flow indicates the total sum of cash that the organization generates in its operations. It determines whether the organization is capable of maintaining a positive flow of cash needed for the promotion of business.
Customer KPI: CSAT or Customer Satisfaction Score is the most important KPI for customers. This determines the extent to which customers are satisfied or happy with the products. Asking customers to rate the services of the organization can help to measure the average score of satisfaction of customers.
Process KPI: ETR or Employee Turnover Rate is an important KPI that can interpret the percentage of employees who have left the organization. The less is the ETR; the more are the chances of the growth of the organization.
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