BN3720 Health and Safety Management , B.Sc. (Hons) Health, Safety, and Environmental Management

International College for Engineering and Management, Oman

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TASK

Question : Evaluate critically the elements of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) as per ISO 18000 series. In addition, identify any needs to control and improve health and safety performance and do so with OHSMS.

Answer :

Introduction

Occupational health and safety is a kind of multidisciplinary field that concerned for people's health, safety and welfare at the workplace. A safe and healthy working environment is the primary goal of occupational health and safety program. In other words, occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) includes three primary objectives, such as followed below:

Promotion and maintenance of employee's health and working capacity

Development of working environment including health and safety dynamics

Improvement of working culture for promoting a positive social climate to enhance the proficiency of the organization

On the other hand, this business report aims to define the contribution of occupational health and safety management system of VALE Oman which is one of the leading mining organizations across the globe. In terms of mining businesses, health and safety of the employees are one of the primary concerns for the management but still frequent injuries and deaths are appeared at the workplace. In order to protect employees, ISO 45001 sets minimum standard of practice. In the field of oil businesses, burden of occupational injuries and diseases are significant for both wider economy and employers of VALE Oman.

Besides that, ISO 18000 is designed to be integrated into VALE Oman's existing management processes to increase the efficiency of working culture by involving other ISO management system standards, for example, ISO 14001 (environmental management) and ISO 9001 (quality management). Moreover, this assignment will discover occupational health management systems as per ISO 18000 for improving and controlling health and safety performance of VALE Oman (Al-Darrab et al. 2013).
 
Occupational health management systems as per ISO 18000 series

As per International Labour Organization, around 2.89 million employees die due to work-related accidents or diseases in every year. As a result of 380 non-fatal work-related illness and injuries, many organizations have to consider extended absences from the work. Apart from human life's cost, the economic burden of poor occupational health and safety practice can be estimated to be 3.96% on global GDP in every year. In order to improve these types of situation, the British Standard for Occupational health and safety management systems sets out ISO 18000: 2007 that involves minimum requirements for the best health and safety practice at the place of work.

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In order to achieve the best possible working conditions including health and safety practice, OHSAS 18000 series of standards help the management of an organization by developing required policies, procedures and action plan aligned with the best internationally recognized health practice (Silaparasetti et al. 2017). Moreover, OHSAS 18000 series of standards also help to improve the business resilience of a specific industry by enhancing welfare and health of the workforce. In addition, regulatory and legal responsibilities of an organization can be improved by applying ISO 18000 series of standard including health and safety act 1974 in workplace.

The management of an organization needs to protect the workforce by managing health and safety related risks including injury-oriented absenteeism by adopting OHSAS 18000 series of standards at the workplace. In addition, OHSAS 18000 series of standards also help an organization to enhance staff morale for influencing a strong relation among employers and employees. Successful application of OHSAS 18000 series of standards at the workplace also reflects the commitment of the management in terms of employee's health and safety to follow the best workforce. Moreover, OHSAS 18000 series of standards can improve the legal compliance of an organization by reducing probability of prosecutions and fines. On the other hand, health and safety act 1974 is one of the primary legislation part that covered by occupational health and safety in UK.

On the other hand, VALE Oman is certified for the ISO 14001: 2015 (Environmental Management System) by which they ensures employee's health and safety issue. In addition to that, VALE Oman includes three main divisions in their ISO 14001 standard series, for example, health and safety, environment and socio-economic. The health, safety and environment management system of VALE Oman includes a mission to address and identify surrounded risks for the employees that requires adequate monitoring and controlling process. As they are following ISO 14001 standards, the managers in different department are accountable for occupational health and safety management system throughout the life cycle of the operational activities, for example, receive of raw materials, pelletizing process till exportation of the ultimate product. The mission of VALE Oman's occupational health and safety standards include following objectives:

To accomplish ‘Zero' harm at site operations

To manage risks including impacts

To achieve legal requirements

To pursue technological advancement for HSE

To promote safe, healthy and respectful working environment to the employees

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In summary, the management of VALE Oman can implement OHSAS 18001 by the PDCA (Plan-do-check-act) cycle in the current workforce. In addition, OHSAS 18000 series also includes an understanding of contractual and legislative health and safety requirements of VALE Oman. ISO 18001 standards also involve a clear guidance of health and safety accountability for diligent record keeping including specified guidelines for setting up competence, training and awareness regime (Machabe and Indermun, 2013). Furthermore, ISO 18000 standards not only protect the employees but also ensure the safety of consumers and contractor who enter in the workplace of VALE Oman. Moreover, ISO 18000 series also provide perfect guidelines to deal with emergencies and risk factors appeared in the workplace.

Along with that, the management of VALE Oman should implement ISO 18000 series instead of ISO 14001 series in order to increase the safety, health and wellbeing of employees and as well as contractors including consumers. On the other hand, with the help of OHSAS ISO 18000 standards, VALE Oman can develop sustainable business practices to accomplish desired goals and objectives.

Question : Evaluate the HSE management benefits according to safety performance indicators that identify the conditions prior to accidents and incidents.

Answer :

The core evaluation of the advantages of HSE management in relation to the safety performance indicators that identifies the conditions to accidents and incidents

In this section, it can be evaluated that there are some of the core benefits of the HSE management in accordance to the key performance indicators (KPIs). These benefits and the advantages also identify the core conditions of the incidents and accidents of the workplace.

The HSE management is one of the important and crucial departments of the Vale Oman that involves in the core controlling and the managing or handling out all the relevant aspects of the health and safety of the workers and the environment especially in the oil mining Industry. The HSE management basically focuses on the major accidental risks of the employees, which is a very common issue related to the core scenario of the oil mining industry (Al Salmi and Hannawi 2016).

The advantages of the HSE management has been described below

The core presence and the existence of the HSE management in the Vale Oman increases the satisfaction level of the employees in the oil mining industry and it also reduced the accidental indemnities and the costs of the oil mining company.

It can be further observed the HSE management reduced the accidental risks and integrates for the lower employee absenteeism and also mitigates the employee turnover rates of the core Vale Oman.

On the other hand, it can be noted that the HSE management mitigates the core threats of judiciary and the legal actions and it decreases the number of accidents of the employees within the organizational culture (Addison and Roe 2018).

It can be further understood that the HSE management improves the relationships among the partners and the suppliers and also increases the standard of the corporate responsibility within the communities, customers and the investors.

Along with the increase of the reputation and the goodwill of the organization, the HSE management also increases the core productivity of the Vale Oman and keeps all the employees of the company, healthier, happier and motivated within the organizational culture (Johnson and Johnson 2019).

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According to the core HSE statistics, it can be recognized that many workers within the oil mining industry have lost millions of working days due to their core illness and the injury while working in the oil mining field. In addition, there is an evidence of the thousands of workers, who have died due to their core occupational diseases. Along with the core death of the workers, it can be further observed that thousands of workers have faced injury in their work place and that is why the HSE management is one of the integral parts of the Vale Oman (Noe et al. 2017).

Question : Critically assess the occupational health risks associated with the hazards involved in the site operations.

Answer :

Critical assessment of the occupational health risks that are associated with the hazards involved in the operation sites

According to the reports of the HSE management of the Vale Oman, it has been further observed that a 1.4 million of workers in the oil mining industry have been suffering from the sheer work related illness. In addition, it can be further observed that there have been 2595 mesothelioma diseases and deaths due to the outbreak of the asbestos exposures in the year of 2016. These are all the core figures of the occupational health risks that are involved and associated with the core hazards attached with the operational sites (Roudneshin and Azadeh 2019).

On the other hand, it can be further realized that in the operation sites, 555,000 injuries have been occurred, which has been derived from the report of the Labour Force of the country. In the recent years, the HSE Management department of the Vale Oman has detected 71,062 injuries related with the occupational health risks and they have lost 30.7 million working days due to the occupational health risks involved in the operational sites (Lundgren and McMakin 2018).

In the case of the occupational health risks, it can be further observed that there are some of the common hazards that are related with the housekeeping and the tripping hazards. In case of the critical assessment of the occupational health risks that are associated with the hazards, the workers of the Vale Oman are much involved and they are much liable in receiving and reviewing the information about the core hazards of the present workplace. On the other hand, the HSE Management intervenes into concept and they conduct detailed and periodic workplace interventions with the help of the core inspections for mitigating the recurring hazards (Lu et al. 2015).

On the other hand, it has been further noted that in the critical assessment of the occupational health risks, the employees of the HSE Management investigates the total number of injuries of the workers, incidents, illnesses, accidents and hazards of the employees related to the safety and health programs of the oil mining industry.

Within the critical assessment of the occupational health risks, the establishment and the combination of the group tasks are formed. With the help of the groups, the core identification of the illnesses, hazards and injuries of the employees can be easily identified. In addition, determination of the severity and assuming the likelihood of the core incidents has been one of the vital steps of the critical assessment. Thus the information has been also prioritized for taking corrective actions for mitigating the problems related with the occupational health risks. Besides, the HSE Management maintains the records of the injuries of the employees with the help of a Safe Data Sheets (SDS) and records it with the help of OSHA 300 and 301 for converting the further records into the investigation of the incidents and accidents (Frumkin 2016).

Question : Appraise the various appropriate occupational health risk control measures and remedial action in indoor and built environment.

Answer :

Appraisal of the various occupational health risk control measures and also the remedial actions that builds up the environment

The appraisals of the various health risk control measures for the Vale Oman has been described below. Moreover it has been further understood that there are three types of the various health risk control measures for the Vale Oman which includes Prevention measures, Mitigation measures and the Protection measures. The prevention measures and the mitigation measures have been described in the latter part of the study.

In case of the various health risk control measures for the Vale Oman, the usage of the technical measures and the engineering outputs can be implemented for the core identification of the risk sources. With the help of the identification of the risk sources, the workplace design can be secured, hazardous materials can be removed from the workplace culture and the prior substitution can be launched for decreasing the amount of the risky solutions. On the other hand, it has been further observed that new information and the training programs can be established, proactive monitoring sessions and the management practices can be launched along with the formation of the supervision and working procedures (Sui et al. 2018).

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In case of the mitigation measures, it can be further understood that, the Vale Oman can manage to establish the training and information system by maintaining the core rules and regulations of the central government of the country. On the other hand, in case of the various health risk control measures for the Vale Oman, the review and the updating of the additional measures can be enlisted and thus showcasing down the expected results for bringing a dynamic change in the machines and equipments of the business corporations (Wiengarten et al. 2017).

In case of the remedial actions and building the future environment of the Vale Oman, it can be further recognized that the protection measures have been much useful. The measures regarding collective protection have been taken for the remedial actions, by protecting the machinery and the parts of the remote handling techniques. The core installation method of the physical barriers like railway packaging, thermal and the electric barriers should be also taken for enhancing the administrative and the organizational measures and thus diminishing and mitigating the core chances of the exposure duration in Vale Oman (Antão et al.2016).  
Conclusion

This business assignment has evaluated the significance of occupational health and safety management system of VALE Oman that is dealing with oil mining business in UAE. Besides that, critical elements of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) as per ISO 18000 series are also being described in this assignment for an improved learning experience. In this way, HSE management benefits as per safety performance indicators are also explored in this paper that prevents accidents and incidents at the workplace.

Moreover, occupational health risks associated with the hazards involved in the site operations of VALE Oman are also investigated in this study to define the contribution of ISO 18000 standards. In addition to that, various appropriate occupational health risk control measurement are also suggested in this study for building a healthy working environment within VALE Oman. In this manner, this study also explored the significance of ISO 18000 VALE standards by which Oman can increase the level of employee's health and safety concerns. In order to reduce the impact of risk factors, ISO 18000 series would assist the management of VALE Oman by suggesting risk management practice. In conclusion, the management of VALE Oman should update their HSE standards from 14001 to 18000 series in order to provide more secured, safe and healthy working environment to their employees who are the main backbone of the organization.

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