Benchmark - Policy
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Assignment
Research public health issues on the "Climate Change" or "Topics and Issues" pages of the American Public Health Association (APHA) website. Investigate a public health issue related to an environmental issue within the U.S. health care delivery system and examine its effect on a specific population.
Write a policy brief that summarizes the issue, explains the effect on the population, and proposes a solution to the issue.
Follow this outline when writing the policy brief:
1. Describe the policy health issue. Include the following information: (a) what population is affected, (b) at what level does it occur (local, state, or national), and (c) evidence about the issues supported by resources.
2. Create a problem statement.
3. Provide suggestions for addressing the health issue caused by the current policy. Describe what steps are required to initiate policy change. Include necessary stakeholders (government officials, administrator) and budget or funding considerations, if applicable.
4. Discuss the impact on the health care delivery system.
Solution
Introduction
It is observed that people of the US are facing from different healthcare challenges in a given environment. There is a need to devise proper policies that will assist these people in overcoming these healthcare problems in a given environment (Salas, 2015).
Obesity is one of the major issues that are noticed among the people of US. It is noticed that Obesity further leads to problems of coronary heart disease, cancer, type-2 diabetes, and stroke as well(Salas, 2015). In addition, the government of US at present is spending huge amounts to lower the issues and impacts of Obesity in a given environment.
As per the governmental reports, out of three American men two of them are found to be suffering from Obesity. In addition, the rates of Obesity are also increasing amount women. As a result, United States contains the highest percentage of obese people across the world. As per another research reports, it was found that people are spending nearly $1,500 on medical bills to cure their Obesity issues ((Salas, 2015).
People are spending around $150 billion on an annual basis for receiving different treatment options on Obesity(Salas, 2015). This report will thereby first determine the major factors due to which people are found to be suffering from Obesity. Second, it will determine the gaps in the policy formation and accordingly will be providing recommendations top improvisethe future outcomes.
Population Affected
The research reports of government of 2015 confirmed that nearly 70% of the American adults and 25% of the American children are found to be suffering from Obesity(Salas, 2015). Second, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stated that the obese population in the US is increasing and in the near future nearly 3/4th of the total American population will be found to be suffering from Obesity.
It thereby becomes necessary to formulate appropriate polices in this direction. The National Center for Health Statistics of US stated that around 93.3 million people of US in 2015-16 are found to be suffering from Obesity(Salas, 2015).
As a result, people are also found to be suffering from type-2 diabetes, certain types of cancer, heart disease, and other major healthcare issues in a given environment. In addition, Hispanics form the highest population suffering from Obesity with around 47% of the total population suffering from Obesity (Kern et al., 2014).
Obesity is a medical condition wherein excess body fat gets accumulated and thereby starts causing negative consequences on the health of the body. The role of the government will be thereby important as they need to focus on this issue and formulate appropriate policies in this direction.
National Level Issue
The US Department of Agriculture stated that on average, American ate nearly 20% more calories due to meat consumption as well as due to consumption of fast food items. As a result, the fat levels among the individuals started increasing that directly affected on the health of these individuals.
Besides, research reports of the World Health Organization confirmed that due to increase in the fast food sales in the recent times, there is a rise in the body mass index(Kern et al., 2014). Body mass index is a ration that will determine whether a given individual is obese or not. For Body Mass Index of ≥ 35 or 40 kg/m2reflects to severe Obesity(Kern et al., 2014).
It directly causes issues such as cardiovascular disease, asthma, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and obstructive sleep apnea. The confusing diet pattern among all the people of US is leading them to Obesity. They are not aware of the steps through which they can control such Obesity levels in a given environment. Besides, despite spending large amounts they are still not able to cure Obesity in a given environment.
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Suggestions for addressing the health issue through current policy
The issue of Obesity can be addressed by first formulating an appropriate policy in this direction and later can also be provided with recommendations and other steps through which these people will be able to overcome the challenges of Obesity.
First, they need to control their diet and also modify the daily diet pattern in a given environment, it will thereby allow them to stop the consumption of fast food items, sugary beverages, and rest all other items that will contribute to increase in fast depositions in the body of a given individual (Pandalai, Schulte, & Miller, 2013).
Second, these people are also recommended to change their sedentarylifestyle and focus more on carrying out physicalexercises on a daily routine. For this purpose, the government of US has formulated three types of policies to control the Obesity levels in a given environment.
These include - Physical Activity Policy, Healthy Eating Policy, and Nutrition Standards Policy under Healthy Food Financing Initiatives and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. However, it is the responsibility of the government to deploy this policy in the right direction and thereby achieve desired objectives in a given challenging environment.
Policy Change and Implementation
Despite the fact that the government has implemented several policies, the levels of Obesity have not decreased among the target population. It thereby becomes more important to launch new campaigns and spread awareness among the people of a given environment (Wadsworth&Pendergast, 2014). It is the responsibility of the parents to provide proper intake of food items to their children.
They need to ensure prevention of fast food items and sugary beverages in thedaily diet of their children. In addition, it is the responsibility of the schools and other such institutions that will guide these children and other adults to perform physical exercises on a daily basis(Wadsworth&Pendergast, 2014). Only then the government will be able to implement different policies on Obesity in a given environment.
However, they also need to monitor the progress of these policies and determine gaps, if any. They can accordingly provide new recommendations to improvise the future outcomes in a given environment.
Role of Stakeholders and Impact on Healthcare system
The different stakeholders associated with a given healthcare system include - thegovernment, healthcarepractitioners, healthcare organizations, parents, regulatory authorities, and other concerned healthcare staff. Thus, the role of the healthcare organizations will be vital as they need to first make people aware of the negative consequences of Obesity(Stokes & Preston, 2016).
Second, they need to devise solutions in association with the healthcare practitioners so that it will assist people in reducing the overall levels of Obesity in a given environment. It is observed that the major risk factors of causing Obesity include - poor diet, environmental factors, nutrition deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, cardiovascular disease, weakened immunity, genetics, sedentarylifestyle, stress, and even certain psychological factors (Blakemore& Buxton, 2014).
Thus, through effective implementation of the different policies and by following the recommendations as provided, people of the US suffering from Obesity will be able to overcome these challenges and thereby will be able to get recovered soon. The government on the other hand needs to measure the performance of these strategies and accordingly provide recommendations wherever required.
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