Nursing Assignment - Applied Statistics for Health Care Professionals - Quality Improvement Proposal

Task - Identify a quality improvement opportunity in your organization or practice. Describe the problem or issue and propose a quality improvement initiative based on evidence-based practice. Apply "The Road to Evidence-Based Practice" process, illustrated in Chapter 4 of your textbook, to create your proposal.

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Answer - Title: Applied statistics for Health care professionals

Quality Improvement is to be based on continuous basis, further the quality improvement initiatives need to be customized as per the specific organizational requirements. For health care organizations insights into the evidence based practices, will provide considerable information on the scope for improving the quality standards and quality assurance in the practices being conducted in the health care organizations. The following part of the discussion is focused on these aspects. Typically the case reflection is provided with reference to these aspects of quality improvement in the organization.

1. Provide an overview of the problem and the setting in which the problem or issue occurs.

Overview of Evidence based Practices:

Unlike other forms of evidence based practices, evidence based practices are contained with the strategies that are actually formulated based on the critical observations based on evidence investigation. Each and every outcome or the proposed medicine treatment, action, cure or any health care practices will be supported only when there is substantial evidence for the better outcomes and the validity of the same. Quality improvement (QI), exclusively takes into consideration these aspects of the treatment and health care. When there is evidence based practices implemented in the organization, there will be much scope to improve the quality in the organizational set-up. The measures implemented in this perspective will well align with the actual objectives and will be truly beneficial for quality improvement of the organization.

Overview of the problem and the settings

The current health care organization under discussion is a multi-specialty community hospital being managed by community organizations. Diverse health ailments are being treated in the health care set-up. However there is no much consideration to the quality health care improvement in line with the recent developments in the health care set-ups. The key problem is the lack of insights into contemporary patient needs and trends in the epidemiological diseases. Though there is no Electronic health record based health data collection procedures there in the organization, there is no proper data analytics taking place and hence there is lack of custom procedures being taken to improve the versatility of the health care functions. This is the problem being addressed here.

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2. Explain why a quality improvement initiative is needed in this area and the expected outcome.

Quality Improvement initiative needed and Expected outcomes

The key quality improvement initiatives needed in the current organization are contained in improving the existing health care facilities in the organization to meet the demands of the community. In this regard a detailed evaluation of the health care analytics is needed. Specific focus need to be focused on issues like following,

• The most recurring diseases in the reason
• The type of complications patients are receiving normally after the specific health care procedure execution
• Epidemiological data related to the range of diseases that are normally occurring in the region.
• Patient previous test records availability online and providing opportunities for better treatment.
• Patient health records and related data can work on to reduce the costs incurred int the patient treatment as fresh tests can be reduced.
• Patient medical records and data analytics can help to streamline the claims, help the patients reduce the wastage of payment, can work on to reduce the likelihood of recurrent infections, eliminating the usage of wrong medicine, work on plan a complete health care for the individual.
• Predictive data analytics can work onto forecast the health care demands to occur as well will work on to enable the organizations to equip themselves to face the health care challenges in near future.

Data analytics can help both the individuals as well as community level people to get the best in class medicine. Health care organizations can employ data analytics as a facilitator to improve the quality of the health care in general for all stakeholders.

3. Discuss how the results of previous research demonstrate support for the quality improvement initiative and its projected outcomes. Include a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources published within the last 5 years, not included in the course materials or textbook, that establish evidence in support of the quality improvement proposed.

Evidence to support the fact that the data analytics can improve the quality of health care services in general:

Wang et al (2018) indicated the diverse possibilities with big data analytics to the health care sector. It is indicated that the quality of the health care domain can be improved by real time predictability of the health care data analytics; it will also work for the analysis of the unstructured data analytical capabilities, Also data analytics can work for decision support capabilities as well. Further big data analytics which can be done internally based on internal organizational data as well based on the comprehensive evaluation of both the internal and external data can work on to improve the traceability as well. Raghupati and Raghupati (2014) informed through their insightful research that the data analytics can contribute towards ease in managing the data volumes of the patients to get meaningful inferences, they can work on to provide high velocity suggestions to the patients based on the usage of the data analytics, further there is also benefit in employing the data analytics for the sake of variety of applications and insights. Veracity or elimination of the data errors as well as cost reduction possible with accurate data recording and applying optimized health care strategies. All these are possible to contribute to the quality improvement of the health care. Groves et al(2016), has indicated by evidential insights drawn from big data application and the information technology usage for health care that the data analytics usage in the health care applications can work on to improve the value addition, innovation in the health care. Further the specific advantages to the end consumer can contain availability of the right health provider, right treatment, right cost and right timing etc. Evidential insights from the personal records of the particular patient as well from the data analytics from the big data collected will work on to facilitate these aspects to the patients. Srinivas et al (2016) indicated through their critical evaluation of the versatility of the health care data analytics and proved that the graft loss risk is minimized using predictive analytics in the kidney transplantation operations. Data analytics is found to be the key in this regard.

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4. Discuss steps necessary to implement the quality improvement initiative. Provide evidence and rationale to support your answer.

Steps necessary to implement the identified quality improvement programme

The quality improvement programme selected for the current data analytics based quality health care improvement is contained in the following steps(Wang & Haiji,2017),

• Identification of the target areas where there is need to improve the focus.
• Developing a system to record the patient data, which invariably will include the data that is being focused on to analyze and evaluate.
• Developing software or analytical tools for recording and evaluation of the data collected so far.
• Setting and integrating the constraints or the criteria for evaluation and analysis of the patient data at the organization level.
• Drawing out the inferences and formulating the reports about the custom focus areas and making predictions (forecasts) for meeting the set objectives.
• Typical objectives can be forecasting for better treatment, enabling accurate data collection for cost reduction and well synchronization with the external data for possible better insights. Insights can be individual as well as community level applications of health care practices.
• Integrating and continuous development of the data analytics with claim procedures, regulations etc from time to time to make it more patient centric and patient utility oriented.

Evidence for these steps is found from the successful models implemented in the health care set-ups and the rationale is derived from the benefits obtained by systematic implementation of these strategies(Ball,2015).

5. Explain how the quality improvement initiative will be evaluated to determine whether there was improvement.

Evaluation of the quality improvement initiatives:

In this particular case, quality improvement can be evaluated by means of set of diverse factors. Some of these metrics may include,

• Customer satisfaction
• Reduced mortality
• Prevention of shortage of facilities and resources for patient needs
• Developing and integrating continuously means to meet the patient objectives with more accurate and economic models and thereby to reduce the costs of the patient treatments.

Each of these outcomes can be quantified appropriately and these metrics can be employed to compare and judge the better functionality of the systems implemented there in.

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6. Support your explanation by identifying the variables, hypothesis test, and statistical test that you would need to prove that the quality improvement initiative succeeded.

Testing:

(i) Variables that can be included in the testing process include, customer satisfaction, patient health cost reduction factors, reduced mortality rate, reduced chronic diseases, reduced infections after math of the health care process implementation etc. Each of these variables will make the variables of the testing process. They are not limited but represent the fraction of the total health care needs.

(ii) "Hypothesis testing include postulation of the fact that the health care data analytics and information technology can work on to improve the health care quality"

Alternative Hypothesis:

Data analytics and the information technology integration will not work on to improve the quality improvement in the health care.

(iii) Statistical testing need to be based on the data collected for the identified variables from individual end users as well from the organizational level data collection for a specific period of time. Variable values and the correlation of the same with quantified care improvement strategies implemented in the organization will work to support the quality improvement.

Statistical tests can be correlative tests, t-tests etc. however the key to perform the data is contained in collection of the most appropriate and accurate data to perform the testing. However more complex testing processes will require more complex data and the complicated inferences need more in-depth insights into the data variables and more extensive data collection is needed. However for simple testing like appropriateness of the model can be tested by quantified evaluation of the customer satisfaction, customer cost reduction as well as evaluation of the overall health care success rate in terms of increased availability, reduced morbidity rate, reduced risk of graft loss in specific operations like kidney transplants etc.

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